A Biblical Study of Geocentrism and Creation
True Science SeriesComplete this guide before beginning the lessons to establish your foundation
Isaiah 40:22 uses chug (circle) - "He that sitteth upon the circle of the earth"
Isaiah 22:18 uses dur (ball) - "toss thee like a ball"
Conclusion: Isaiah knew both words. He chose "circle" (flat) not "ball" (sphere) in 40:22. If he meant sphere, he would have used "dur."
Strong's H4131: to waver, slip, shake, totter, be moved
Scripture repeatedly says the earth "shall NOT be moved" (lo mot). This is a definitive statement that the earth does not shake, waver, spin, or travel through space.
| Topic | Scripture Says | Modern Science Claims |
|---|---|---|
| Earth's motion | Cannot be moved (4 passages) | Spins 1,000 mph, orbits 67,000 mph |
| Earth's structure | Has foundations, pillars, cornerstone | Floats in space, no support |
| Earth's shape | Circle (chug), has ends and corners | Sphere/ball |
| Sun's motion | Rises, sets, has circuit, can stand still | Stationary; earth rotates |
| What moves | Sun moves, earth is fixed | Earth moves, sun appears fixed |
| Earth's surface | Spread out, stretched forth | Curved ball surface |
Which ones - all 67+ verses? If Yahuah wanted to describe a spinning ball, He could have. Why use ONLY language contradicting the globe model? The firmament alone is mentioned 17 times with physical descriptions.
No. Hebrew has a word for ball: "dur" (Isaiah 22:18). Isaiah knew both words and chose "circle" (chug) in 40:22. A compass draws a circle, not a sphere. He meant what he wrote.
NASA admits all "photos" are composites—CGI and artist renderings pieced together. Different "photos" show vastly different Earth sizes and continent shapes. No continuous video of a rotating Earth exists.
This study examines what Scripture actually says about the earth's nature and motion. We begin with the most foundational claim: FOUR separate passages declare that the earth is fixed and cannot be moved. These are not poetry or metaphor—they are declarative statements about Yahuah's creation.
Meaning: to waver, slip, shake, totter, be moved, fall
Usage: Describes shaking, falling, slipping, tottering
Scripture's claim: The earth will NOT do any of these things
Meaning: to be firm, stable, established, fixed, prepared, secure
Usage: Describes things that are permanent, immovable, anchored
Scripture's claim: The earth IS firm, stable, fixed
Modern science claims the earth:
Can something moving at 1,000 + 67,000 + 500,000 mph accurately be described as "stable," "established," and unable to be "moved"? Would Yahuah use such definitive, immovable language for something in constant violent motion?
Notice the context of these passages:
These are not casual poetic expressions. They are factual claims about Yahuah's creation made in the context of His power, reign, and creative acts.
1. Multiple Choice: How many Scripture passages explicitly state that the earth cannot be moved?
2. Multiple Choice: The Hebrew word "mot" (moved) means:
3. Multiple Choice: The Hebrew word "kun" (established/stablished) means:
4. True or False: The context of these "cannot be moved" passages is casual poetry with no factual claims.
5. Critical Thinking: If the earth spins at 1,000 mph, orbits at 67,000 mph, and travels through the galaxy at 500,000 mph, can it accurately be called "stable" and "established" and something that "cannot be moved"? Explain your reasoning.
6. Scripture Study: Read all four passages listed above. What common theme do you observe? Why would Yahuah repeat this teaching in multiple books of Scripture?
Scripture uses specific CONSTRUCTION terminology to describe the earth: foundations, measures, line, pillars, and cornerstone. These are terms for a fixed structure, not a spinning ball floating in space.
Meaning: to found, fix, establish, lay foundation
Usage: Used for building foundations, establishing structures
This is CONSTRUCTION terminology. You don't describe a spinning ball with construction terms. You describe a fixed, founded structure.
1. Matching: Match each construction term from Job 38 with its meaning:
Write your answers: A=___ B=___ C=___ D=___ E=___
2. Multiple Choice: According to 1 Samuel 2:8, what is the world SET UPON?
3. Multiple Choice: Job 38 asks "Whereupon are the foundations thereof ___?"
4. True or False: You can accurately describe a spinning ball using the words "foundations, measures, line, cornerstone, pillars."
5. Analysis: Why would Yahuah use such specific construction terminology if the earth is actually a ball floating in space? What kind of structure has "foundations that are fastened" and "pillars"?
6. Scripture Study: Read Job 26:7-11. Verse 7 says earth "hangeth upon nothing," but verse 11 says "the pillars of heaven tremble." How do these verses work together to describe creation?
Many claim Isaiah 40:22 proves the earth is a sphere because it says "circle." But Hebrew has distinct words for "circle" (chug) and "ball" (dur). Understanding this distinction is crucial.
Meaning: circle, circuit, compass
Usage: A flat, round shape; a circular boundary or path
NOT: a sphere, ball, or three-dimensional object
Meaning: ball, circle (as round)
Usage: A sphere, a ball that can be thrown
In Isaiah 22:18, Isaiah used "dur" (ball) to describe something round that could be tossed. In Isaiah 40:22, he used "chug" (circle). He knew both words. He chose CIRCLE, not ball. If he meant sphere, he would have written "dur."
The "circuit" of heaven - a circular PATH, not a sphere.
A "compass" (circle) set upon the waters - a circular boundary, like a compass drawing a circle.
Look at what else Isaiah 40:22 says:
Isaiah describes: A circular earth, viewed from above (inhabitants like grasshoppers), with a tent/curtain (dome) stretched over it. This is a flat circle with a dome covering—exactly what biblical cosmology describes.
1. Multiple Choice: The Hebrew word used in Isaiah 40:22 for "circle" is:
2. Multiple Choice: In which verse does Isaiah use the word "dur" (ball)?
3. Multiple Choice: According to Isaiah 40:22, the heavens are spread out like:
4. True or False: The Hebrew words "chug" (circle) and "dur" (ball) mean the same thing.
5. Analysis: Isaiah used "dur" (ball) in 22:18 and "chug" (circle) in 40:22. What does this prove about his word choice and meaning?
6. Critical Thinking: Isaiah 40:22 describes Yahuah sitting UPON the circle, looking down at inhabitants who appear as grasshoppers, with a tent/curtain stretched over it. Does this sound like a ball in space or a flat circle with a dome? Explain.
Modern science claims the earth rotates and the sun only APPEARS to move. But Scripture consistently describes the sun as actually moving while the earth remains fixed. This lesson examines multiple passages that demonstrate the sun's motion.
If it was earth's rotation that stopped (not the sun's movement):
But Joshua's account shows an ordinary day extended—no catastrophe, no destruction.
The sun:
The SUN RETURNED ten degrees—it moved backward. The shadow moved because the SUN moved.
1. Multiple Choice: What did Joshua command to stand still?
2. Multiple Choice: According to Psalm 19, the sun has:
3. Multiple Choice: In Ecclesiastes 1:5, the sun "hasteth" means it:
4. True or False: If earth's rotation (at ~1,000 mph) suddenly stopped, life would continue normally as described in Joshua's account.
5. Analysis: Isaiah 38:8 says "the sun returned ten degrees." If the sun is stationary and only appears to move due to earth's rotation, how would you explain this verse?
6. Critical Thinking: Why does Scripture consistently describe the SUN as moving (arising, going down, hastening, having a circuit, standing still, returning) if it's actually stationary? Could Yahuah have written "Earth, stop rotating" if that's what happened?
Scripture repeatedly speaks of the "ends" and "corners" of the earth. A sphere has neither ends nor corners. This lesson examines these significant terms.
Meaning: end, extremity, edge, border, outmost part
Key insight: A sphere has NO ends—you can travel forever and never reach an end. A flat surface with edges HAS ends.
Meaning: wing, extremity, corner, edge
Key insight: A sphere has ZERO corners. You cannot stand "on the four corners" of a ball.
How could a tree be visible "to the end of all the earth" on a ball? On a sphere, you cannot see beyond the horizon (approximately 3 miles at sea level). But on a flat, extended surface, a tall enough structure COULD be visible from great distances.
| Scripture Says | Ball/Sphere Has |
|---|---|
| Ends (30+ times) | No ends |
| Four corners | Zero corners |
| Edges/extremities | No edges |
| Things visible to "the end" | Horizon blocks view (3 mi) |
1. Multiple Choice: The Hebrew word "qatseh" (ends) means:
2. Multiple Choice: According to Revelation 7:1, four angels stand on:
3. Multiple Choice: How many corners does a sphere have?
4. True or False: On a sphere, you can reach an "end" by traveling in any direction.
5. Analysis: Daniel 4:11 describes a tree visible "to the end of all the earth." Is this possible on a sphere where the horizon blocks view beyond ~3 miles? What kind of surface would allow this?
6. Critical Thinking: Scripture uses "ends of the earth" over 30 times. If these are just "figures of speech," why would Yahuah ONLY use language that contradicts a spherical earth? Why never use language that describes a ball?
Scripture describes the earth as "spread forth" and "stretched out"—language that implies a flat expanse, not a curved ball surface.
Meaning: to beat out, spread out, stamp, stretch
Same root as: "Raqia" (firmament) - beaten/spread out expanse
Key insight: You cannot "spread out" a ball. Spreading produces a flat surface.
"Breadth" (Hebrew: rachab) means width—a flat measurement across a surface.
Consider what these terms actually describe:
1. Multiple Choice: The Hebrew word "raqa" (spread forth) is the same root as:
2. Multiple Choice: According to Psalm 136:6, the earth was stretched out:
3. True or False: You can "spread out" a sphere to make it bigger.
4. Analysis: Job 38:18 asks if you've perceived the "breadth" (width) of the earth. Is "breadth" typically used to measure spheres or flat surfaces?
5. Critical Thinking: Why would Yahuah use the same Hebrew root (raqa) for both the firmament (raqia) AND spreading out the earth? What does this suggest about their nature?
This lesson equips you to respond to common objections raised against the biblical cosmology we've been studying.
1. Scenario: Someone tells you "The Bible isn't a science book." How would you respond?
2. Scenario: Someone claims Isaiah 40:22's "circle" proves the earth is a sphere. What evidence proves otherwise?
3. Scenario: Someone says "We have photos of earth from space." What problems exist with this claim?
4. Analysis: How does Job 26:7 ("hangs upon nothing") fit with Job 26:11 ("pillars of heaven")? Are these contradictory or complementary?
5. Application: According to Romans 3:4 and Proverbs 30:5-6, whose word should we trust when there's a conflict between Scripture and human claims?
Throughout this study, we have examined what Scripture actually says about the earth:
| Scripture Teaching | Key Verses |
|---|---|
| Earth cannot be moved | Psalm 93:1, 96:10, 104:5; 1 Chronicles 16:30 |
| Earth has foundations | Job 38:4-6; Isaiah 48:13; Zechariah 12:1 |
| Earth has pillars | 1 Samuel 2:8; Job 9:6; Psalm 75:3 |
| Earth is a circle (not ball) | Isaiah 40:22 (chug, not dur) |
| Sun moves (not earth) | Joshua 10:12-13; Psalm 19:4-6; Ecclesiastes 1:5 |
| Earth has ends | Isaiah 40:28, 45:22; Job 28:24, 38:13 |
| Earth has four corners | Isaiah 11:12; Revelation 7:1, 20:8 |
| Earth spread/stretched out | Isaiah 42:5, 44:24; Psalm 136:6 |
Every single description in Scripture contradicts the modern globe model. This is not one verse—it's CONSISTENT throughout Scripture. Either Scripture is wrong about creation, or modern "science" is wrong. Both cannot be true.
If Scripture's cosmology is accurate:
Having studied the Scriptures about the earth, I affirm:
Name:
Date:
1. Reflection: What did you believe about the earth's shape and motion before this study?
2. Reflection: Which Scripture or teaching impacted you most during this study? Why?
3. Personal: Is it difficult to believe Scripture when it contradicts what you were taught in school? How do you resolve this conflict?
4. Implications: If Scripture is literally accurate about the earth's structure, what does this mean about creation, Yahuah's design, and our place in the universe?
5. Application: How will you apply what you've learned? Will you study further? Share with others?
6. Final Summary: In your own words, summarize the main evidence that Scripture describes a fixed, unmoved earth rather than a spinning ball in space.
For Instructor Use
1. C) Four
2. C) To waver, slip, shake, totter
3. C) Firm, stable, fixed, secure
4. False - The context is Yahuah's reign, sovereignty, creation, and judgment. These are factual statements made in connection with His power and creative acts, not casual poetry.
5. Sample answer: No. Something moving at over 500,000 mph combined cannot accurately be described as "stable," "established," or something that "cannot be moved." The Hebrew words mean firm, fixed, and not wavering—the opposite of constant violent motion.
6. Sample answer: The common theme is that earth is fixed, stable, and immovable. The repetition in multiple books (Psalms, Chronicles) emphasizes this is important truth, not poetry. Yahuah wanted this fact clearly established.
1. A=3, B=5, C=4, D=1, E=2
2. B) The pillars of the earth
3. C) Fastened
4. False - These are construction terms for fixed structures (buildings, foundations). You cannot describe a spinning ball with terms like "foundations that are fastened," "measures," "survey line," "cornerstone," and "pillars."
5. Sample answer: Yahuah uses construction terminology because the earth IS a constructed, founded structure—not a ball floating in space. Buildings have foundations, pillars, and cornerstones. Balls do not.
6. Sample answer: "Hangs on nothing" means no visible support underneath (Yahuah's power holds it). "Pillars of heaven" shows creation has structural elements. These complement each other: creation has structure, but it's held by Yahuah's power, not visible ropes.
1. B) Chug (circle)
2. B) Isaiah 22:18
3. B) A tent and curtain
4. False - Chug means circle (flat, round shape). Dur means ball (sphere). Isaiah knew both words and used them correctly in their respective contexts.
5. Sample answer: This proves Isaiah knew the difference between circle and ball. When he meant ball (22:18), he used "dur." When describing earth (40:22), he chose "chug" (circle). If he meant sphere, he would have used "dur."
6. Sample answer: This sounds like a flat circle with a dome (tent) covering. Looking down from above (grasshoppers view), with a curtain/tent stretched over it—this is biblical cosmology: flat circle, dome firmament.
1. B) The sun and moon
2. B) A tabernacle and a circuit
3. C) Hurries/moves quickly
4. False - If earth's rotation (1,000 mph) suddenly stopped, everything would fly off, oceans would flood continents, supersonic winds would destroy everything. Joshua's account shows an ordinary day extended—no catastrophe.
5. Sample answer: The verse clearly says "the sun returned"—actual movement of the sun. If the sun is stationary, this verse makes no sense. But if the sun actually moves, the verse is straightforward.
6. Sample answer: Scripture consistently describes the SUN as moving because that's what actually happens. Yahuah could have written "Earth, stop rotating" if that's what occurred. He consistently wrote about sun movement because the sun actually moves.
1. B) End, extremity, edge, border
2. C) The four corners of the earth
3. D) Zero
4. False - On a sphere, you travel forever without reaching an end. On a flat surface with edges, you can reach ends/borders.
5. Sample answer: On a sphere with ~3-mile horizon, a tree couldn't be visible to "the end of all the earth." This would only work on a flat, extended surface where distant sight is possible.
6. Sample answer: If these were just figures of speech, we'd expect SOME language describing a ball. But Scripture ONLY uses flat-earth language: ends, corners, spread out, foundations, pillars. This consistency shows intentional accurate description.
1. B) Raqia (firmament)
2. B) Above the waters
3. False - Spreading something out produces a flat surface. You cannot spread out a ball.
4. Sample answer: "Breadth" (width) is a flat measurement—used for flat surfaces, not spheres. Spheres have circumference and radius, not "breadth."
5. Sample answer: The same root (raqa = beat/spread out) used for both suggests they're similar: both spread out, beaten flat, extended. The firmament and earth surface are both spread-out expanses.
1-5. Personal responses—assess for understanding of key arguments: Hebrew word distinctions, contextual evidence, Scripture authority, photo/image issues.
1-6. Personal reflections—assess for genuine engagement, accurate summary of evidence, and thoughtful application.