Grammar Builders

Parts of Speech, Punctuation, and Sentence Building

Grades 3-4 | Ages 8-10

How to Use This Workbook

Build your grammar skills using the 4 Rs!

RECEIVE Learn the rules
REFLECT Answer questions
RECALL Practice writing
RESPOND Use it daily!

"Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable in Your sight, O Yahuah, my strength and my Redeemer." - Psalm 19:14

Study Guide - The Eight Parts of Speech

Every word in a sentence has a job. We call these jobs the parts of speech. In this workbook, you'll master six important ones!

NOUNS - Naming Words

Common nouns name general things. Proper nouns name specific things and are capitalized.

boy (common) David (proper) city (common) Jerusalem (proper)
PRONOUNS - Replace Nouns

Pronouns take the place of nouns so we don't repeat the same word.

he she it they we I
VERBS - Action or Being

Verbs show what the subject does or what it is.

run pray is was created
ADJECTIVES - Describe Nouns

Adjectives tell what kind, how many, or which one.

holy three beautiful this
ADVERBS - Describe Verbs

Adverbs tell how, when, or where an action happens. Many end in -ly.

quickly yesterday there always
CONJUNCTIONS - Connect Words

Conjunctions join words, phrases, or sentences together.

and but or so because
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with Elohim, and the Word was Elohim."
- John 1:1

1Common and Proper Nouns

RECEIVE - Learn the Difference!

You already know that nouns name people, places, things, and ideas. Now let's learn about TWO types of nouns:

COMMON NOUNS

Name general things. They are NOT capitalized (unless starting a sentence).

king river book mountain
PROPER NOUNS

Name specific people, places, or things. They are ALWAYS capitalized!

King David Jordan River Bible Mount Sinai
"And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call His name Yahusha: for He shall save His people from their sins."
- Matthew 1:21

In this verse, "son" is a common noun, but "Yahusha" is a proper noun - the specific name of our Savior!


Remember: Proper nouns are always capitalized because they name ONE specific person, place, or thing. When you write "God" meaning Yahuah, it's proper. When you write "the god of the Philistines," it's common.

Examples:

Common NounProper Noun
prophetElijah
seaRed Sea
daySabbath
cityBethlehem

REFLECT - Identify the Nouns!

1. Which is a PROPER noun?

2. Which is a COMMON noun?

3. Why is "Abraham" capitalized?

Write C (common) or P (proper) next to each noun:

4. garden ___ | 5. Eden ___ | 6. river ___ | 7. Noah ___ | 8. ark ___

RECALL - Write Your Own!

Write the proper noun for each common noun:

book =

country =

apostle =

Write two sentences - one using a common noun and one using a proper noun:

RESPOND - Practice Together!

2Pronouns - Replace the Noun!

RECEIVE - What is a Pronoun?

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. Pronouns help us avoid repeating the same word over and over.

Without Pronouns (Repetitive):

"David was a shepherd. David loved Yahuah. David wrote psalms."

With Pronouns (Better):

"David was a shepherd. He loved Yahuah. He wrote psalms."

Subject Pronouns

Used when the pronoun is doing the action:

I you he she it we they
Object Pronouns

Used when the pronoun receives the action:

me you him her it us them
"Fear thou not; for I am with thee: be not dismayed; for I am thy Elohim."
- Isaiah 41:10

Notice the pronouns: "I" (Yahuah speaking), "thee" (you), "thy" (your). The Bible uses pronouns constantly!


To choose the right pronoun, ask: Is the pronoun DOING the action (use subject: he, she, they) or RECEIVING the action (use object: him, her, them)?

REFLECT - Choose the Right Pronoun!

1. "Moses led _____ through the wilderness." (the people)

2. "_____ parted the Red Sea." (Yahuah)

3. "Ruth followed _____." (Naomi)

Replace the underlined noun with a pronoun:

4. Abraham trusted Yahuah. → _____ trusted Yahuah.

5. Yahuah blessed Sarah. → Yahuah blessed _____.

6. The disciples followed Yahusha. → _____ followed Yahusha.

RECALL - Rewrite with Pronouns!

Rewrite these sentences using pronouns:

"Peter was a fisherman. Peter left the nets. Peter followed Yahusha."

RESPOND - Practice Together!

3Action Verbs and Helping Verbs

RECEIVE - Two Types of Verbs!

You've learned about action verbs and being verbs. Now let's learn about helping verbs!

ACTION VERBS

Show what the subject DOES:

walk pray sing write build
HELPING VERBS

Help the main verb by showing time or possibility:

is are was were has have will can should

Helping Verbs in Action:

"David is singing praises." (is = helping verb, singing = main verb)

"The disciples were following Yahusha." (were = helping verb, following = main verb)

"We should obey Yahuah." (should = helping verb, obey = main verb)

"I will praise Yahuah with my whole heart."
- Psalm 111:1

In this verse, "will" is the helping verb and "praise" is the main action verb!


Helping verbs often come right before the main verb. Look for pairs like "is walking," "was praying," "will come," or "has finished."

REFLECT - Find the Verbs!

1. In "Moses was leading the people," what is the HELPING verb?

2. In "They will obey the Torah," what is the MAIN verb?

3. In "Yahusha has risen," what is the HELPING verb?

Underline the helping verb and circle the main verb:

4. The children are learning the commandments.

5. We should honor our parents.

6. Yahuah will bless His people.

RECALL - Write Sentences with Helping Verbs!

Write 3 sentences using these helping verbs:

Use: will, can, should

RESPOND - Practice Together!

4Adjectives vs. Adverbs

RECEIVE - What's the Difference?

Both adjectives and adverbs are describing words, but they describe DIFFERENT things!

ADJECTIVES describe NOUNS

Answer: What kind? How many? Which one?

holy three mighty faithful

"The faithful servant" - faithful describes servant (a noun)

ADVERBS describe VERBS

Answer: How? When? Where? How often?

faithfully quickly yesterday there

"The servant worked faithfully" - faithfully describes worked (a verb)

"Yahuah is gracious, and full of compassion; slow to anger, and of great mercy."
- Psalm 145:8

Find the adjectives: gracious, full, slow, great - they all describe Yahuah!


Many adverbs are formed by adding -ly to an adjective: quick → quickly, soft → softly, faithful → faithfully. But not all! Words like "very," "always," "never," and "here" are also adverbs.

Compare:

Adjective (describes noun)Adverb (describes verb)
The quiet boy prayed.The boy prayed quietly.
She is a joyful person.She sang joyfully.
He gave a quick answer.He answered quickly.

REFLECT - Adjective or Adverb?

1. "The brave soldier fought." What is "brave"?

2. "The soldier fought bravely." What is "bravely"?

3. "Yahuah always keeps His promises." What is "always"?

Write ADJ (adjective) or ADV (adverb):

4. The loud thunder roared. ___

5. The thunder roared loudly. ___

6. We should always pray. ___

7. Yahuah is a loving Father. ___

RECALL - Add Adverbs!

Add an adverb to each sentence (tell HOW the action happens):

The children sang _____________.

David prayed _____________.

The disciples followed Yahusha _____________.

RESPOND - Practice Together!

5Conjunctions - Connecting Words

RECEIVE - What are Conjunctions?

Conjunctions are words that CONNECT other words, phrases, or sentences together. They're like bridges!

The FANBOYS Conjunctions

Remember this word: FANBOYS

For And Nor But Or Yet So

Conjunctions in Action:

AND adds: "Adam and Eve lived in the garden."

BUT shows contrast: "The serpent was crafty, but Eve was deceived."

OR shows choice: "You can obey Yahuah or disobey Him."

SO shows result: "They sinned, so they hid from Yahuah."

BECAUSE shows reason: "They were afraid because they disobeyed."

"Trust in Yahuah with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding."
- Proverbs 3:5

The word "and" connects two commands: trust AND lean not!


When you use a conjunction to connect two complete sentences, put a comma BEFORE the conjunction: "I love Yahuah, and I obey His commands."

REFLECT - Choose the Right Conjunction!

1. "I want to go, _____ I am tired." (shows contrast)

2. "Study the Torah _____ you will grow wise." (shows result)

3. "You can read the Bible _____ pray." (shows addition)

Fill in the best conjunction:

4. Noah obeyed Yahuah, _____ his family was saved. (and / but / so)

5. Moses was humble, _____ Pharaoh was proud. (and / but / or)

6. Will you serve Yahuah _____ follow idols? (and / but / or)

RECALL - Connect These Sentences!

Combine each pair using a conjunction:

"Yahuah is powerful." + "Yahuah is loving." =

"I was hungry." + "I ate lunch." =

RESPOND - Practice Together!

6Commas - Pause and Breathe!

RECEIVE - When Do We Use Commas?

A comma is a small mark that tells the reader to pause. Here are the main rules:

,

Rule 1: Use commas in a LIST of 3 or more items

"Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were patriarchs."

"We brought bread, fish, and wine."

Rule 2: Use a comma BEFORE a conjunction connecting two sentences

"Yahuah is holy, and He is loving."

"I tried to obey, but I failed."

Rule 3: Use commas after INTRODUCTORY words

"Yes, I will obey Yahuah."

"However, the people disobeyed."

"First, we should pray."

Rule 4: Use commas in DATES and ADDRESSES

"On December 25, 2024, we celebrated."

"He lived in Bethlehem, Judea."

"And now abideth faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love."
- 1 Corinthians 13:13

Read your sentences out loud. Where you naturally pause is often where a comma belongs!

REFLECT - Add the Commas!

Add commas where needed:

1. Moses Aaron and Miriam led Israel.

2. Yes I love Yahuah with all my heart.

3. David was brave but Saul was jealous.

4. Yahusha was born in Bethlehem Judea.

5. First we pray and then we study.

6. Which sentence uses commas correctly?

RECALL - Write with Commas!

Write a sentence listing 3 things Yahuah created:

Write a compound sentence with a comma and conjunction:

RESPOND - Practice Together!

7Apostrophes - Ownership and Shortcuts

RECEIVE - Two Jobs for Apostrophes!

The apostrophe (') has two important jobs:

'

Job 1: Show POSSESSION (who owns something)

Yahuah's commandments = the commandments belonging to Yahuah

David's harp = the harp belonging to David

Moses' staff = the staff belonging to Moses (name ends in s)

Job 2: Show CONTRACTIONS (letters removed)

don't = do not (the 'o' is removed)

can't = cannot (the 'no' is removed)

it's = it is (the 'i' is removed)

I'm = I am (the 'a' is removed)

"The fear of Yahuah is the beginning of wisdom."
- Proverbs 9:10

Its vs. It's: "It's" = it is (contraction). "Its" = belonging to it (possession). "It's a beautiful day" vs. "The tree lost its leaves."

Rules for Possessive Apostrophes:

REFLECT - Add Apostrophes!

Add the apostrophe in the right place:

1. Noahs ark was very large.

2. The womens faith was strong.

3. I cant disobey Yahuah.

4. Its important to study Scripture.

5. "The prophets' words" means:

6. Which shows a contraction?

RECALL - Write with Apostrophes!

Rewrite using apostrophes:

"the throne of Yahuah" = _______________

"do not" = _______________

"the faith of Abraham" = _______________

RESPOND - Practice Together!

8Quotation Marks - Someone's Exact Words

RECEIVE - When Someone Speaks!

Quotation marks (" ") show the exact words someone said or wrote.

" "

Rules for Quotation Marks:

And Elohim said, "Let there be light," and there was light.
- Genesis 1:3

Notice: The exact words Elohim spoke are inside the quotation marks!

Examples:

Yahusha said, "I am the way, the truth, and the life."

"Follow me," Yahusha said to His disciples.

Moses asked, "Who am I that I should go?"


Remember: The period, comma, question mark, or exclamation point goes INSIDE the closing quotation mark, not outside!

REFLECT - Add Quotation Marks!

Add quotation marks and other punctuation:

1. Yahuah said Let there be light

2. Peter said You are the Messiah

3. Where are you asked Yahuah

4. Which sentence is punctuated correctly?

RECALL - Write Dialogue!

Write a sentence showing what someone said:

RESPOND - Practice Together!

9Subject-Verb Agreement

RECEIVE - Make Them Match!

The subject and verb in a sentence must agree - they must match in number!

The Rule:

Singular subject → Singular verb (often ends in -s)

Plural subject → Plural verb (no -s)

Examples:

SingularPlural
The boy runs.The boys run.
She prays daily.They pray daily.
David sings.The disciples sing.
Yahuah is good.His ways are good.
"The heavens declare the glory of Elohim; and the firmament showeth His handiwork."
- Psalm 19:1

"Heavens" (plural) takes "declare" (no -s). "Firmament" (singular) takes "showeth/shows" (with -s).


Tricky subjects: "Everyone," "someone," "nobody," and "each" are SINGULAR even though they refer to people. "Everyone is welcome" - not "are welcome."

REFLECT - Choose the Right Verb!

1. The prophet _____ the truth.

2. The disciples _____ in the boat.

3. Everyone _____ to hear the Word.

Circle the correct verb:

4. The children (play / plays) in the field.

5. Moses (lead / leads) the people.

6. The stars (shine / shines) at night.

RECALL - Fix the Errors!

Correct the subject-verb agreement:

"The sheep follows the shepherd." → _____________

"David and Jonathan is friends." → _____________

RESPOND - Practice Together!

10Compound Sentences

RECEIVE - Joining Two Sentences!

A compound sentence is made of two complete sentences (independent clauses) joined by a conjunction.

Simple Sentence + Conjunction + Simple Sentence = Compound Sentence

I love Yahuah , and I obey His commands.

Examples of Compound Sentences:

"Yahuah is powerful, and He is merciful."

"I wanted to stay, but I had to leave."

"Study the Torah, or you will forget it."

"They were hungry, so Yahusha fed them."

"The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our Elohim shall stand for ever."
- Isaiah 40:8

Remember: Use a COMMA before the conjunction in a compound sentence. Each part must be a complete sentence that could stand alone!

NOT a Compound Sentence:

"David sang and danced." - This has ONE subject (David) doing TWO things. No comma needed!

IS a Compound Sentence:

"David sang, and the people rejoiced." - Two subjects (David, people) doing separate things.

REFLECT - Identify Compound Sentences!

1. Is this a compound sentence? "Moses prayed, and Yahuah answered."

2. Is this a compound sentence? "Miriam sang and danced."

Add a comma where needed (if needed):

3. Noah built the ark and Yahuah sent the animals.

4. The disciples were afraid but Yahusha calmed the storm.

5. Ruth worked and gleaned in the fields.

RECALL - Create Compound Sentences!

Combine these sentences into compound sentences:

"Yahuah created the world." + "He saw that it was good." =

"We can obey Yahuah." + "We can disobey Him." =

RESPOND - Practice Together!

11Capitalization Rules

RECEIVE - When to Use Capital Letters!

Capital letters are important signals in writing. Here are the key rules:

Rule 1: First Word of a Sentence

Yahuah is good. His love endures forever.

Rule 2: Proper Nouns (Specific Names)

People: Moses, David, Mary

Places: Jerusalem, Egypt, Red Sea

Days/Months: Sabbath, Passover, December

Rule 3: The Name of Yahuah and Titles for Him

Yahuah, Elohim, Yahusha, He (when referring to Yahuah), His, Him

Rule 4: Titles Before Names

King David, Queen Esther, Prophet Elijah

But: David was a king. (no capital - not used as name)

Rule 5: The Pronoun "I"

When I pray, I thank Yahuah.

"In the beginning Elohim created the heaven and the earth."
- Genesis 1:1

When writing about Yahuah, many believers capitalize pronouns that refer to Him (He, Him, His) as a sign of respect. This is a good practice!

REFLECT - Fix the Capitalization!

Rewrite with correct capitals:

1. moses led israel through the red sea.

→ _______________________________________________

2. on the sabbath, we rest and worship yahuah.

→ _______________________________________________

3. king david wrote many psalms for elohim.

→ _______________________________________________

4. Which is capitalized correctly?

RECALL - Write with Correct Capitals!

Write 3 sentences about Bible characters using proper capitalization:

RESPOND - Practice Together!

12Review - You're a Grammar Builder!

RECEIVE - Remember What You Learned!

Congratulations! You've learned so much about grammar. Let's review:

Parts of Speech:

Punctuation:

Sentences:

"Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in Thy sight, O Yahuah, my strength, and my Redeemer."
- Psalm 19:14

REFLECT - Final Review!

1. What type of noun is "Jerusalem"?

2. What part of speech is "quickly"?

3. What does an apostrophe show?

4. "The children plays in the garden." What's wrong?

RECALL - Show Your Skills!

Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) about a Bible story using:

RESPOND - Celebrate!

Answer Key (For Parents)

Lesson 1: Common and Proper Nouns

1. Moses | 2. temple | 3. Because it's a proper noun | 4. C | 5. P | 6. C | 7. P | 8. C

Lesson 2: Pronouns

1. them | 2. He | 3. her | 4. He | 5. her | 6. They

Lesson 3: Action and Helping Verbs

1. was | 2. obey | 3. has | 4. are (helping), learning (main) | 5. should (helping), honor (main) | 6. will (helping), bless (main)

Lesson 4: Adjectives vs. Adverbs

1. Adjective | 2. Adverb | 3. Adverb | 4. ADJ | 5. ADV | 6. ADV | 7. ADJ

Lesson 5: Conjunctions

1. but | 2. and | 3. and | 4. so | 5. but | 6. or

Lesson 6: Commas

1. Moses, Aaron, and Miriam | 2. Yes, I love | 3. brave, but Saul | 4. Bethlehem, Judea | 5. First, we pray, and then | 6. "I need bread, butter, and milk."

Lesson 7: Apostrophes

1. Noah's | 2. women's | 3. can't | 4. It's | 5. Multiple prophets | 6. don't

Lesson 8: Quotation Marks

1. Yahuah said, "Let there be light." | 2. Peter said, "You are the Messiah." | 3. "Where are you?" asked Yahuah. | 4. Mary said, "He is risen!"

Lesson 9: Subject-Verb Agreement

1. speaks | 2. were | 3. needs | 4. play | 5. leads | 6. shine

Lesson 10: Compound Sentences

1. Yes | 2. No | 3. ark, and Yahuah | 4. afraid, but Yahusha | 5. No comma needed (one subject, two verbs)

Lesson 11: Capitalization

1. Moses led Israel through the Red Sea. | 2. On the Sabbath, we rest and worship Yahuah. | 3. King David wrote many psalms for Elohim. | 4. "I love Yahuah and His Word."

Lesson 12: Review

1. Proper noun | 2. Adverb | 3. Possession or contraction | 4. Subject-verb agreement