Literature Studies

Classic Stories & Biblical Narratives

Grades 3-4 | Ages 8-10

How to Use This Workbook

Explore great stories using the 4 Rs!

RECEIVERead the story
REFLECTThink about it
RECALLRemember key ideas
RESPONDApply the lesson!

"Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path." - Psalm 119:105

1Story Elements

RECEIVE - What Makes a Story?

Every good story has five main parts called story elements. Understanding these helps you enjoy stories more and become a better writer!

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Characters

The people or animals in the story

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Setting

Where and when the story happens

Problem

The challenge characters must face

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Plot

The events that happen in order

Solution

How the problem is solved

"All these things spake Yahusha unto the multitude in parables; and without a parable spake He not unto them."
- Matthew 13:34

Stories Teach Truth!

Yahusha used stories (parables) to teach important lessons! The best stories have a theme - a message or lesson. As you read, ask: "What is this story teaching me?"

Practice Story: David and Goliath (1 Samuel 17)

Characters: David (young shepherd), Goliath (giant warrior), King Saul, Israelite army

Setting: Valley of Elah, ancient Israel, during a war with the Philistines

Problem: Giant Goliath challenged Israel, and no one was brave enough to fight him

Plot: David arrived, heard Goliath's challenge, trusted Yahuah, and faced the giant with just a sling and stones

Solution: David defeated Goliath with one stone, trusting in Yahuah's power

Theme: Faith in Yahuah gives courage to face any challenge

REFLECT - Check Your Understanding

1. What is the "setting" of a story?

2. What was David's secret to defeating Goliath?

RECALL - Identify Story Elements

Think of your favorite Bible story. Write the story elements:

Characters:

Setting:

Problem:

Solution:

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

2Character Traits

RECEIVE - What Are Character Traits?

Character traits are words that describe what a person is like on the inside - their personality, values, and how they act.

Good Traits

brave, honest, kind, faithful, patient, humble, wise, generous

Bad Traits

selfish, proud, dishonest, cruel, jealous, lazy, foolish, greedy

How to Find Character Traits

Look at what a character:

Bible Character Study: Joseph

What Joseph DID: Refused to sin with Potiphar's wife, forgave his brothers who sold him into slavery

What Joseph SAID: "You meant evil against me, but Elohim meant it for good" (Genesis 50:20)

Character Traits: faithful forgiving patient wise humble

"Even a child is known by his doings, whether his work be pure, and whether it be right."
- Proverbs 20:11

REFLECT - Character Trait Practice

1. If a character shares their food with someone hungry, they are:

2. If a character tells the truth even when it's hard, they are:

3. Joseph showed forgiveness when he:

RECALL - Describe a Character

Choose a Bible character (Noah, Moses, Ruth, Daniel, Esther, etc.). Write 3 character traits and give evidence from the Bible:

Character: ________________

Trait 1: ________________ Evidence:

Trait 2: ________________ Evidence:

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

3Classic Literature: The Pilgrim's Progress

RECEIVE - A Famous Allegory

The Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan (1678) is one of the most important books ever written! It's an allegory - a story where characters and places represent deeper meanings.

About the Book

Author: John Bunyan (wrote it while in prison for preaching!)

Main Character: Christian - represents any believer

Plot: Christian's journey from the City of Destruction to the Celestial City (Heaven)

Theme: The journey of faith - struggles, helpers, and ultimate victory

Key Characters & What They Represent

Story Excerpt: The Slough of Despond

Christian fell into a swamp called the Slough of Despond - representing the despair and discouragement new believers feel when they realize their sins. A helper named Help pulled him out!

Lesson: When we feel discouraged about our sins, we need help from others and must keep moving toward Yahuah!

"Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for You are with me."
- Psalm 23:4

What is an Allegory?

An allegory uses characters and events to represent deeper truths. The Bible has allegories too! Yahusha's parables are short allegories - the sower represents Yahuah, the seed is His Word, different soils are different hearts.

REFLECT - Understanding Allegory

1. What does Christian's journey represent?

2. What does the "Slough of Despond" represent?

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

4Classic Literature: Aesop's Fables

RECEIVE - Short Stories with Big Lessons

Fables are short stories that teach a lesson called a moral. Aesop was a storyteller in ancient Greece who created hundreds of fables, often with animal characters.

The Tortoise and the Hare

A fast hare made fun of a slow tortoise. The tortoise challenged him to a race. The hare ran quickly but got overconfident and took a nap. Meanwhile, the tortoise kept going slowly and steadily. When the hare woke up, the tortoise had won!

Moral: "Slow and steady wins the race."

Comparing to Scripture

This fable teaches a truth also found in the Bible! "The race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong" (Ecclesiastes 9:11). Faithfulness over time matters more than quick starts.

The Boy Who Cried Wolf

A shepherd boy got bored watching sheep. For fun, he cried "Wolf! Wolf!" The villagers came running, but there was no wolf. He did this twice. When a real wolf came, he cried for help - but no one believed him. The wolf ate many sheep.

Moral: "No one believes a liar, even when they tell the truth."

"A false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaks lies shall not escape."
- Proverbs 19:5

Think Critically!

While many fables teach good lessons that agree with Scripture, not all do. Some teach self-reliance instead of trusting Yahuah. Always compare what you read to the Bible - it's the standard for truth!

REFLECT - Understanding Fables

1. What is the moral of a fable?

2. Why did no one help the boy when the real wolf came?

RECALL - Write Your Own Moral

Read the fable below and write what you think the moral is:

The Ant and the Grasshopper

All summer, the ant worked hard storing food. The grasshopper played and made fun of the ant. When winter came, the ant had plenty to eat, but the grasshopper had nothing.

The moral is:

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

5Biblical Narrative: Jonah

RECEIVE - A Story of Running and Returning

The book of Jonah is one of the most exciting stories in the Bible! It's a true historical narrative with powerful lessons about obedience and Yahuah's mercy.

Story Summary: Jonah 1-4

Chapter 1: Yahuah tells Jonah to go to Nineveh. Jonah runs away on a ship. A great storm comes. Jonah is thrown overboard and swallowed by a great fish!

Chapter 2: Inside the fish for 3 days, Jonah prays and repents.

Chapter 3: The fish spits Jonah out. He goes to Nineveh and preaches. The whole city repents!

Chapter 4: Jonah is angry that Yahuah showed mercy to Nineveh. Yahuah teaches him about compassion.

Character Analysis: Jonah

Negative traits: disobedient prideful angry unforgiving

Positive traits: honest (admitted his sin on the ship) repentant (prayed in the fish)

Lesson: Even prophets struggle! Yahuah is patient with us as we learn.

"For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth."
- Matthew 12:40

Jonah Points to Yahusha!

Yahusha said Jonah's 3 days in the fish was a sign pointing to His own death and resurrection - 3 days in the tomb! This is called a type - an Old Testament person or event that foreshadows something in the New Testament.

REFLECT - Understanding Jonah

1. Why did Jonah run from Yahuah?

2. What happened when Nineveh heard Jonah's message?

3. Jonah's time in the fish points to:

RECALL - Personal Application

Is there something Yahuah wants you to do that you've been avoiding? Write about it:

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

6Comparing and Contrasting Stories

RECEIVE - How Are Stories Alike and Different?

Good readers compare (find similarities) and contrast (find differences) between stories. This helps us understand them better!

Compare = ALIKE

What do the stories have in common?

Contrast = DIFFERENT

How are the stories different?

Example: Jonah vs. Noah

ALIKE:

DIFFERENT:

"For whatever things were written before were written for our learning, that we through the patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have hope."
- Romans 15:4

RECALL - Compare Two Bible Stories

Compare David and Goliath with Gideon and the Midianites (Judges 7):

ALIKE:

DIFFERENT:

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

7Point of View

RECEIVE - Who Is Telling the Story?

Point of view is who is narrating (telling) the story. It affects what information we get!

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First Person

"I" or "we" - a character tells the story

Example: "I went to the market."

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Third Person

"He," "she," "they" - outside narrator

Example: "David went to fight Goliath."

Point of View in the Bible

Most Bible narratives use third person - "Moses went up the mountain." But some parts are first person - like when Paul writes "I, Paul, write this" or when David writes Psalms using "I."

Same Event, Different Point of View

Third Person: "The shepherd boy David walked toward the giant. The soldiers watched in fear. David put a stone in his sling."

First Person (if David told it): "I walked toward the giant. I could see my brothers watching. I put a stone in my sling and trusted Yahuah."

REFLECT - Identify Point of View

1. "Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea." - What point of view?

2. "I waited patiently for Yahuah; and He inclined unto me, and heard my cry." (Psalm 40:1)

RECALL - Rewrite in Different Point of View

This is in third person: "Jonah ran from Yahuah. He got on a ship going the opposite direction."

Rewrite in first person (as if Jonah is telling it):

RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!

8Review - Become a Wise Reader!

RECEIVE - Everything We Learned!

Literature Skills Summary:

"Study to show yourself approved unto Elohim, a workman that needs not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth."
- 2 Timothy 2:15

Be a Discerning Reader!

Not all books are good! As you read, always ask:

"Test all things; hold fast to what is good." (1 Thessalonians 5:21)

Final Review Quiz

1. What is a story's theme?

2. An allegory is:

3. We should compare everything we read to:

RESPOND - Celebrate Your Learning!

Answer Key (For Parents)

Lesson 1: Story Elements

Q1: Where and when it happens | Q2: He trusted in Yahuah

Lesson 2: Character Traits

Q3: Generous | Q4: Honest and brave | Q5: Welcomed his brothers and didn't take revenge

Lesson 3: Pilgrim's Progress

Q6: The journey of faith | Q7: Discouragement about sin

Lesson 4: Aesop's Fables

Q8: The lesson it teaches | Q9: They didn't believe him because he had lied before

Ant & Grasshopper moral: Work hard and prepare for the future / Don't be lazy

Lesson 5: Jonah

Q10: He didn't want Nineveh to be saved | Q11: They repented | Q12: Yahusha's resurrection

Lesson 7: Point of View

Q13: Third person | Q14: First person

Lesson 8: Review

Q15: The message or lesson | Q16: A story with a deeper meaning | Q17: The Bible (Scripture)