Math Adventures!

Numbers, Addition, Subtraction & More

Grade 2

Welcome, Math Explorer!

Isaiah 40:26
"Lift up your eyes on high, and see who has created these things, who brings out their host by number."

Yahuah is the Creator of numbers and math! This year we'll learn:

Did you know? Yahuah uses numbers throughout the Bible! 7 days of creation, 12 tribes of Israel, 40 days and nights. Math helps us understand His Word better!

Lesson 1: Place Value to 100

Every digit in a number has a special PLACE that tells us its VALUE!

Understanding 47

Tens Ones
4 7

47 = 4 tens + 7 ones = 40 + 7

The Tens Place is worth 10 times more than the Ones place!
A 3 in the tens place = 30, but a 3 in the ones place = 3

Base Ten Blocks

3 tens = 30

+

5 ones = 5

=
35

Practice Time!

Write the value of the underlined digit:

1. 63 → The 3 is worth

2. 58 → The 5 is worth

3. 92 → The 9 is worth

4. 74 → The 4 is worth

Write each number in expanded form:

5. 56 = +

6. 83 = +

7. 29 = +

Write the number:

8. 7 tens + 2 ones =

9. 4 tens + 9 ones =

10. 60 + 5 =

Lesson 2: Place Value to 1,000

Now we add a NEW place - the hundreds place!

Understanding 347

Hundreds Tens Ones
3 4 7

347 = 300 + 40 + 7 = 3 hundreds + 4 tens + 7 ones

Base Ten Blocks for Hundreds

2 hundreds = 200

+

3 tens = 30

+

4 ones = 4

=
234
Genesis 5:5
"So all the days that Adam lived were 930 years" - That's 9 hundreds + 3 tens + 0 ones!

Practice Time!

Write the value of each digit:

1. 582: The 5 = , The 8 = , The 2 =

2. 419: The 4 = , The 1 = , The 9 =

Write in expanded form:

3. 256 = + +

4. 703 = + +

Write the number:

5. 6 hundreds + 2 tens + 8 ones =

6. 400 + 50 + 3 =

7. 800 + 7 =

Remember!

In the number 592, which digit is in the hundreds place?

What is the value of the 9?

Lesson 3: Comparing Numbers

We use special symbols to compare numbers:

> means "greater than" (the big side points to the bigger number)

< means "less than" (the small point points to the smaller number)

= means "equal to"

Think of a hungry alligator - it always eats the BIGGER number! 🐊

47
>
32
47 is greater than 32
25
<
52
25 is less than 52

How to Compare 3-Digit Numbers

  1. Compare the hundreds first
  2. If hundreds are the same, compare tens
  3. If tens are the same, compare ones

Practice Time!

Write >, <, or = :

1. 45 54

2. 83 38

3. 67 67

4. 256 265

5. 401 410

6. 789 798

Order these numbers from least to greatest:

7. 52, 25, 45: , ,

8. 321, 312, 231: , ,

Lesson 4: Addition with Regrouping (Carrying)

When you add and get more than 9 in a place, you need to regroup (or carry)!

Regrouping Rule: 10 ones = 1 ten, and 10 tens = 1 hundred!

Example: 47 + 35

Tens Ones
4 7
+ 3 5
8 2

Step 1: 7 + 5 = 12. Write 2, carry the 1 to tens.

Step 2: 1 + 4 + 3 = 8 tens.

Answer: 82

Practice Time!

Add. Show your work:

28
+ 15
36
+ 47
59
+ 24
67
+ 28

Add 3-digit numbers:

245
+ 138
367
+ 254
483
+ 259
576
+ 348

Lesson 5: Subtraction with Regrouping (Borrowing)

When the top digit is smaller than the bottom, you need to borrow from the next place!

Borrowing: Take 1 from the tens place (that's 10 ones) and add it to the ones!

Example: 52 - 27

Problem: We can't take 7 from 2!

Step 1: Borrow 1 ten from the 5 (now 4 tens). Add 10 to the 2 (now 12 ones).

Tens Ones
4 12
2 7
2 5

Step 2: 12 - 7 = 5 ones

Step 3: 4 - 2 = 2 tens

Answer: 25

Practice Time!

Subtract. Show your work:

43
− 18
61
− 35
82
− 47
74
− 29

Subtract 3-digit numbers:

452
− 138
634
− 257
521
− 284
800
− 356

Lesson 6: Introduction to Multiplication

Multiplication is a fast way to add the SAME number many times!

3 × 4 means "3 groups of 4" or "4 + 4 + 4"
🍎🍎🍎🍎
🍎🍎🍎🍎
🍎🍎🍎🍎

3 groups of 4 apples = 3 × 4 = 12 apples

Skip Counting Helps!

To multiply by 2, skip count by 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12...

To multiply by 5, skip count by 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25...

To multiply by 10, skip count by 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50...

Genesis 7:2
"You shall take with you seven pairs of every clean animal" - That's 7 × 2 = 14 of each clean animal!

Practice Time!

Write as multiplication:

1. 5 + 5 + 5 = × =

2. 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = × =

3. 10 + 10 + 10 = × =

Use skip counting to multiply:

4. 4 × 2 =

5. 3 × 5 =

6. 6 × 10 =

7. 5 × 5 =

8. 7 × 2 =

Draw arrays:

9. Draw 2 rows of 5 dots. Write the multiplication:

Draw your array here

Lesson 7: Counting Money

Let's learn about coins and how to count them!

Know Your Coins

Penny
1 cent

Nickel
5 cents

10¢

Dime
10 cents

25¢

Quarter
25 cents

Counting Tip: Start with the biggest coins first! Count quarters, then dimes, then nickels, then pennies.

Example: Count this money

25¢ 10¢ 10¢

Count: 25... 35... 45... 50... 51... 52 cents = 52¢

Practice Time!

Count the money:

1. 25¢25¢10¢ = ¢

2. 10¢10¢ = ¢

3. 25¢ = ¢

Make this amount using the fewest coins:

4. 35¢ = quarter(s) + dime(s)

5. 47¢ = quarter(s) + dime(s) + nickel(s) + pennies

Lesson 8: Telling Time

A clock has two hands:

The minute hand points to numbers that mean groups of 5 minutes!
1 = 5 min, 2 = 10 min, 3 = 15 min, 4 = 20 min...

Special Times

Time How to Say It Minute Hand Points To
3:00 "Three o'clock" 12 (top)
3:15 "Quarter past three" 3
3:30 "Half past three" 6 (bottom)
3:45 "Quarter to four" 9
Ecclesiastes 3:1
"To everything there is a season, and a time for every purpose under heaven."

Practice Time!

Write the time:

1. Hour hand on 7, minute hand on 12: :

2. Hour hand between 2 and 3, minute hand on 6: :

3. Hour hand on 9, minute hand on 3: :

What time is it in 30 minutes?

4. It's 4:00. In 30 minutes it will be :

5. It's 8:30. In 30 minutes it will be :

Lesson 9: Measurement

We measure things to find out how long, tall, or heavy they are!

Units of Length

Unit About How Long? Use It For
Inch (in) Width of your thumb Small things
Foot (ft) 12 inches (about your foot) Medium things
Yard (yd) 3 feet (about arm span) Bigger things
Centimeter (cm) Width of fingernail Small things (metric)
Meter (m) 100 centimeters Bigger things (metric)
In the Bible, a "cubit" was the length from your elbow to fingertip - about 18 inches! Noah's ark was 300 cubits long (about 450 feet)!

Practice Time!

Which unit would you use to measure:

1. A pencil - (inches or feet?)

2. A room - (inches or feet?)

3. A football field - (feet or yards?)

Measure and estimate:

4. About how many inches long is your hand? inches

5. About how many feet tall are you? feet

Convert:

6. 2 feet = inches

7. 1 yard = feet

Lesson 10: Word Problems

Word problems tell a story with numbers. Read carefully to figure out what to do!

CUBES Strategy:
C - Circle the numbers
U - Underline the question
B - Box key words (add, subtract, total, left, more, less)
E - Evaluate (set up the problem)
S - Solve and check!

Key Words

Addition Words Subtraction Words
in all, total, sum, altogether, both, combined left, remain, difference, less, fewer, take away
Luke 15:4
"What man of you, having 100 sheep, if he loses one of them, does not leave the 99 in the wilderness and go after the one which is lost?"
100 - 1 = 99 sheep left behind!

Practice Time!

Solve these word problems. Show your work!

1. Sarah picked 24 apples. Then she picked 18 more. How many apples does she have in all?

Answer: apples

2. There were 52 birds in a tree. 17 flew away. How many birds are left?

Answer: birds

3. Noah has 3 baskets with 5 fish in each basket. How many fish does he have altogether?

Answer: fish

4. The 12 tribes of Israel each had 50 people. How many people were there in total?

Answer: people

You Did It!

Write your own word problem using addition or subtraction:

Answer Key

Lesson 1: Place Value to 100

1. 3, 2. 50, 3. 90, 4. 4

5. 50 + 6, 6. 80 + 3, 7. 20 + 9

8. 72, 9. 49, 10. 65

Lesson 2: Place Value to 1,000

1. 500, 80, 2

2. 400, 10, 9

3. 200 + 50 + 6, 4. 700 + 0 + 3

5. 628, 6. 453, 7. 807

Recall: 5, 90

Lesson 3: Comparing Numbers

1. <, 2. >, 3. =, 4. <, 5. <, 6. <

7. 25, 45, 52

8. 231, 312, 321

Lesson 4: Addition with Regrouping

2-digit: 43, 83, 83, 95

3-digit: 383, 621, 742, 924

Lesson 5: Subtraction with Regrouping

2-digit: 25, 26, 35, 45

3-digit: 314, 377, 237, 444

Lesson 6: Multiplication

1. 3 × 5 = 15, 2. 4 × 2 = 8, 3. 3 × 10 = 30

4. 8, 5. 15, 6. 60, 7. 25, 8. 14

9. 2 × 5 = 10

Lesson 7: Money

1. 60¢, 2. 26¢, 3. 38¢

4. 1 quarter + 1 dime

5. 1 quarter + 2 dimes + 2 pennies

Lesson 8: Telling Time

1. 7:00, 2. 2:30, 3. 9:15

4. 4:30, 5. 9:00

Lesson 9: Measurement

1. inches, 2. feet, 3. yards

4-5. Answers vary

6. 24 inches, 7. 3 feet

Lesson 10: Word Problems

1. 24 + 18 = 42 apples

2. 52 - 17 = 35 birds

3. 3 × 5 = 15 fish

4. 12 × 50 = 600 people