"The earth is Yahuah's, and the fullness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein." - Psalm 24:1
1The Water Cycle
RECEIVE - Water Goes Round and Round!
Yahuah designed water to move in a cycle - it goes around and around, never running out!
1. EVAPORATION Water rises as vapor
2. CONDENSATION Vapor forms clouds
3. PRECIPITATION Rain or snow falls
4. COLLECTION Water fills rivers, lakes, oceans
The Four Steps:
Evaporation: The sun heats water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. Water turns into invisible vapor and rises into the air.
Condensation: As vapor rises, it cools and forms tiny water droplets. These droplets make clouds!
Precipitation: When clouds get heavy with water, it falls as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
Collection: Water collects in oceans, rivers, lakes, and the ground. Then the cycle starts again!
"He causes the vapors to ascend from the ends of the earth; He makes lightning for the rain; He brings the wind out of His treasuries."
- Psalm 135:7
Yahuah's Perfect Design! The water cycle means the same water has been used since Creation! The water you drink today might have been in Noah's flood! Yahuah designed a system that never wastes water.
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. What happens during evaporation?
2. Clouds are formed during which step?
3. Rain, snow, and hail are all forms of:
RECALL - Draw the Water Cycle!
Draw and label all 4 steps of the water cycle:
Try This Experiment!
Make a Mini Water Cycle:
Put warm water in a clear container
Cover with plastic wrap
Put ice cubes on top of the plastic
Watch water drops form on the bottom of the plastic (condensation!)
See the drops fall back down (precipitation!)
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
2Fresh Water & Salt Water
RECEIVE - Two Kinds of Water!
Yahuah created two main types of water on Earth:
Salt Water (Oceans):
About 97% of Earth's water is salt water!
Found in oceans and seas
Too salty to drink
Home to whales, fish, dolphins, coral
Fresh Water:
Only about 3% of Earth's water is fresh!
Found in rivers, lakes, streams, underground
Most fresh water is frozen in glaciers and ice caps
This is the water we drink!
"In the beginning Elohim created the heaven and the earth... And Elohim said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear."
- Genesis 1:1, 9
Amazing! If all the water on Earth filled a gallon jug, only about 1 tablespoon would be fresh water we can use! That's why we should thank Yahuah for every drop and not waste water!
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. What percentage of Earth's water is salt water?
2. Where is most fresh water found?
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
3Soil - Layers of the Ground
RECEIVE - What's Under Your Feet?
The ground has different layers! Each layer is important.
TOPSOIL
Dark, rich soil with dead leaves and bugs
Plants grow here!
SUBSOIL
Lighter colored, has clay and minerals
Plant roots reach here
BEDROCK
Solid rock at the bottom
Very hard!
What's in Soil?
Rocks and minerals - broken into tiny pieces
Dead plants and animals - called "humus" (makes soil dark)
Water and air - in tiny spaces
Living things - worms, bugs, bacteria
"And Yahuah Elohim formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life."
- Genesis 2:7
Yahuah's Perfect Design! Yahuah made soil to grow our food! He even made Adam from the dust of the ground. Our bodies return to dust when we die, and soil keeps recycling nutrients. What an amazing system!
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. Which layer is best for growing plants?
2. What makes topsoil dark?
Try This Experiment!
Soil Layers in a Jar:
Collect dirt from outside
Put it in a clear jar and fill with water
Shake well and let it sit overnight
Watch the layers separate! Heavy sand sinks, light clay floats
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
4Three Types of Rocks
RECEIVE - How Rocks Form
Yahuah created three types of rocks, each formed in a different way!
🌋
IGNEOUS
From fire/volcanoes
Example: Granite, Obsidian
🏔️
SEDIMENTARY
Layers pressed together
Example: Sandstone, Limestone
💎
METAMORPHIC
Changed by heat/pressure
Example: Marble, Slate
How Each Forms:
Igneous: Hot melted rock (magma) cools and hardens. "Igneous" means "from fire"!
Sedimentary: Tiny pieces (sediment) pile up in layers and get pressed together over time. Often has fossils!
Metamorphic: Existing rocks get changed by heat and pressure deep underground. "Metamorphic" means "changed"!
"He is the Rock, His work is perfect: for all His ways are justice: a El of truth and without iniquity, just and right is He."
- Deuteronomy 32:4
The Flood Connection! During Noah's flood, massive amounts of sediment were laid down quickly. This is why we find fossils (dead things buried quickly) in sedimentary rock all over the world!
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. Which type of rock forms from a volcano?
2. Which type of rock often contains fossils?
3. "Metamorphic" means:
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
5Minerals - Building Blocks of Rocks
RECEIVE - What Are Minerals?
Minerals are natural substances that make up rocks. They are NOT alive (never were living things).
Properties of Minerals:
Color: What color is it?
Luster: Is it shiny or dull?
Hardness: Can it be scratched?
Streak: What color powder does it leave?
Common Minerals:
Quartz - Clear or white, very common, used in watches!
Gold - Yellow, shiny, used for jewelry and money in Bible times
Silver - Gray/white, shiny, also used for money (30 pieces of silver)
Salt - White, cubic crystals, we eat it! (Lot's wife turned to salt)
"The gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone."
- Genesis 2:12
Yahuah's Perfect Design! Yahuah put minerals in the earth for us to use! Gold and silver for beauty and trade, salt to preserve food, iron to make tools. He knew exactly what we would need!
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. What are minerals?
2. Which property tells if a mineral is shiny or dull?
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
6Yahuah's Gifts: Natural Resources
RECEIVE - Resources from the Earth
Natural resources are useful things Yahuah put in the earth for us!
Types of Natural Resources:
Water - for drinking, cleaning, growing food
Soil - for growing plants
Minerals - for building, tools, jewelry
Trees - for wood, paper, fruit
Air - for breathing!
Renewable vs Non-Renewable:
Renewable: Can be replaced (trees, water, air)
Non-renewable: Cannot be replaced once used (minerals, metals)
"And Elohim blessed them, and Elohim said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion."
- Genesis 1:28
Yahuah gave us dominion (responsibility) over the earth. We should use resources wisely and take care of His creation!
Being Good Stewards! A steward takes care of something for the owner. Yahuah owns the earth, and we are His stewards. We should use resources wisely, not waste them, and thank Him for His gifts!
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. Which is a renewable resource?
2. What does "dominion" mean in Genesis 1:28?
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
7Erosion - How Earth Changes
RECEIVE - Wind and Water Move Earth!
Erosion is when wind, water, or ice moves soil and rocks from one place to another.
"Everyone who hears these words of Mine, and does them, I will liken him to a wise man who built his house on the rock: And the rain descended, the floods came, and the winds blew."
- Matthew 7:24-25
The Flood! Noah's flood caused massive erosion! When the waters receded, they carved canyons, valleys, and moved enormous amounts of sediment. This explains features like the Grand Canyon much better than millions of years of slow erosion!
REFLECT - Answer the Questions!
1. What is erosion?
2. What helps prevent erosion?
Try This Experiment!
See Erosion in Action:
Make two small dirt hills in a pan
Plant grass seeds in one hill (wait for them to grow)
Pour water on both hills
Which one erodes more? The one without plants!
RESPOND - Do It With a Parent!
8Review - Yahuah's Amazing Earth!
RECEIVE - Everything We Learned!
Let's review all the amazing things Yahuah created!
Key Concepts:
Water Cycle: Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Collection
Water Types: 97% salt water, 3% fresh water
Soil Layers: Topsoil, Subsoil, Bedrock
Rock Types: Igneous (fire), Sedimentary (layers), Metamorphic (changed)
Minerals: Natural substances that make up rocks
Natural Resources: Yahuah's gifts for us to use wisely
Erosion: Wind, water, and ice move earth
"O Yahuah, how manifold are Your works! In wisdom have You made them all: the earth is full of Your riches."
- Psalm 104:24
Final Review Quiz!
Fill in the blanks:
1. When water vapor forms clouds, it's called _____________.
2. The layer of soil where plants grow best is _____________.
3. Rocks that form from volcanoes are called _____________.
4. _____________ are natural substances that make up rocks.
5. When wind or water moves soil, it's called _____________.
Draw Your Favorite Thing You Learned!
RESPOND - Celebrate Learning!
Answer Key (For Parents)
Lesson 1: Water Cycle
Q1: Water turns to vapor and rises | Q2: Condensation | Q3: Precipitation
Lesson 2: Water Types
Q4: About 97% | Q5: Frozen in glaciers and ice caps
Lesson 3: Soil Layers
Q6: Topsoil | Q7: Dead plants and animals (humus)
Lesson 4: Rock Types
Q8: Igneous | Q9: Sedimentary | Q10: Changed
Lesson 5: Minerals
Q11: Natural substances that make up rocks | Q12: Luster
Lesson 6: Natural Resources
Q13: Trees | Q14: Responsibility to take care of
Lesson 7: Erosion
Q15: When soil and rocks move to new places | Q16: Plant roots holding soil