Simple Machines, Energy & Matter
Energy is the ability to do work or make things happen!
Energy makes things:
1. What is energy?
2. Which uses energy?
True or False?
3. Energy makes things happen.
Energy comes in different forms!
Light Energy - From the sun, lamps, fire
Heat Energy - Makes things warm
Sound Energy - Makes noise we can hear
Motion Energy - Moving things have it
Stored Energy - Energy waiting to be used (like a stretched rubber band)
Electrical Energy - Powers lights and machines
Sun → Plant grows → You eat the plant → You have energy to run!
The sun's energy becomes YOUR energy!
1. Match the energy type:
___ Sun shining A. Sound energy
___ Drum beating B. Light energy
___ Car moving C. Motion energy
2. Can energy change from one form to another?
Draw 3 things that give off light, heat, or sound!
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass (weight)!
Look around you - everything you can touch is matter!
Properties of Matter:
1. What is matter?
2. Which is NOT matter?
Fill in:
3. Color, size, shape, and texture are of matter.
Matter comes in three forms called states:
Keeps its shape
Examples: rock, ice, book, you!
Takes the shape of its container, flows
Examples: water, milk, juice, honey
Spreads out to fill any space, usually invisible
Examples: air, steam, helium in a balloon
Solid:
Liquid:
Gas:
1. Which state of matter keeps its shape?
2. Ice is a:
3. Steam is a:
Draw one solid, one liquid, and one gas!
Matter can CHANGE from one state to another! What makes it change? Temperature (heat or cold)!
Melting: Solid → Liquid (add heat)
Example: Ice cube melts into water
Freezing: Liquid → Solid (remove heat)
Example: Water freezes into ice
Evaporation: Liquid → Gas (add heat)
Example: Puddle dries up
Condensation: Gas → Liquid (remove heat)
Example: Water drops on cold glass
1. What makes ice melt?
2. What is it called when water turns to ice?
3. What is it called when a puddle dries up?
Simple machines make work easier! They help us push, pull, lift, and move things with less effort.
The 6 Simple Machines:
1. Simple machines make work:
2. How many simple machines are there?
3. Name one simple machine:
A bar that turns on a point called a fulcrum
Examples: Seesaw, shovel, hammer (when pulling nails), scissors
How it helps: A small push on one end creates a big lift on the other!
A wheel with a rope around it
Examples: Flagpole, crane, blinds on windows, well bucket
How it helps: Pull DOWN to lift something UP! (It's easier to pull down than lift up)
1. The point where a lever tilts is called a:
2. A flagpole uses a:
3. A seesaw is a:
Draw a seesaw and label the fulcrum!
A wheel attached to a rod (axle) that turns together
Examples: Doorknob, steering wheel, bicycle wheels, rolling pin
How it helps: Turn a small wheel to move a big load!
A flat surface at an angle
Examples: Slide, wheelchair ramp, road up a hill
How it helps: Spread the lifting over a longer distance!
Two inclined planes stuck together to form a point
Examples: Knife, axe, doorstop, chisel
How it helps: Push apart or cut through things!
An inclined plane wrapped around a rod
Examples: Jar lid, light bulb base, screws, bolts
How it helps: Hold things tight or lift things up!
Match the machine to the example:
___ Wheel and axle A. Knife
___ Inclined plane B. Jar lid
___ Wedge C. Wheelchair ramp
___ Screw D. Doorknob
When simple machines are combined, they make compound machines!
Examples of Compound Machines:
1. A compound machine is made of:
2. Scissors are made of:
A and a
Draw a bicycle or scissors and label the simple machines in it!
Energy:
Matter:
Simple Machines:
1. Which is NOT a state of matter?
2. A seesaw is a:
3. When ice melts, it becomes a:
4. Simple machines make work:
Lesson 1: 1-B, 2-B, 3-TRUE
Lesson 2: 1) B, A, C | 2) Yes
Lesson 3: 1-B, 2-B, 3-properties
Lesson 4: 1-A, 2-A, 3-C
Lesson 5: 1-B, 2-B, 3-C
Lesson 6: 1-B, 2-6, 3-any of the six
Lesson 7: 1-B, 2-B, 3-A
Lesson 8: D, C, A, B
Lesson 9: 1-B, 2-lever, wedge
Lesson 10: 1-B, 2-B, 3-B, 4-A