World Geography

Understanding Yahuah's Creation
Youth Tier 2 | Ages 11-16

Course Overview

Geography is the study of Earth's physical features, climates, and how people interact with their environment. In this course, we study geography through a biblical lens, understanding Earth as Yahuah's purposeful creation.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to Geography 2. The Seven Continents 3. Oceans and Seas 4. Mountains and Valleys 5. Rivers and Lakes 6. Climate and Weather 7. Bible Lands: Middle East 8. The Nations from Noah 9. Natural Resources 10. Stewardship of the Earth

Lesson 1: Introduction to Geography

Genesis 1:9-10 - "And Elohim said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so. And Elohim called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas."
What is Geography?

Geography comes from Greek words meaning "earth writing" or "description of the earth." It includes:

  • Physical Geography: Landforms, water, climate
  • Human Geography: Where people live, cultures, nations
  • Biblical Geography: Understanding Scripture's settings

Yahuah Designed the Earth

The Earth is not a random accident. Yahuah specifically designed the land, sea, atmosphere, and all features for life to flourish. Understanding geography helps us appreciate His wisdom!

Practice Questions

Lesson 2: The Seven Continents

Acts 17:26 - "And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation."
The Continents
ContinentSize (sq mi)Key Features
Asia17.2 millionLargest; Himalayas; most populated
Africa11.7 millionSahara Desert; Nile River; diverse wildlife
North America9.5 millionRocky Mountains; Great Lakes; varied climates
South America6.9 millionAmazon Rainforest; Andes Mountains
Antarctica5.5 millionIce-covered; no permanent residents
Europe3.9 millionMany nations; varied history; Alps
Australia2.9 millionUnique wildlife; Great Barrier Reef

Biblical Perspective

According to Genesis 10:25, in the days of Peleg "the earth was divided." Some believe this refers to the separation of continents. All humanity descends from Noah's three sons and spread across these landmasses.

Practice Questions

Lesson 3: Oceans and Seas

Psalm 95:5 - "The sea is his, and he made it: and his hands formed the dry land."
The World's Oceans
OceanSizeKey Facts
Pacific63 million sq miLargest; deepest (Mariana Trench)
Atlantic41 million sq miSeparates Americas from Europe/Africa
Indian27 million sq miWarmest ocean; monsoon patterns
Southern (Antarctic)8 million sq miSurrounds Antarctica; coldest
Arctic5 million sq miSmallest; much ice cover

Biblical Seas

  • Mediterranean Sea: "The Great Sea" - major trade route
  • Red Sea: Crossed by Israel in the Exodus
  • Dead Sea: Lowest point on earth; extremely salty
  • Sea of Galilee: Where Yahusha walked on water

Lesson 4: Mountains and Valleys

Psalm 121:1-2 - "I will lift up mine eyes unto the hills, from whence cometh my help. My help cometh from Yahuah, which made heaven and earth."
Major Mountain Ranges
RangeLocationHighest Peak
HimalayasAsiaMt. Everest (29,032 ft)
AndesSouth AmericaAconcagua (22,841 ft)
Rocky MountainsNorth AmericaMt. Elbert (14,440 ft)
AlpsEuropeMont Blanc (15,774 ft)
AtlasAfricaToubkal (13,671 ft)

Biblical Mountains

  • Mt. Sinai: Where Torah was given
  • Mt. Ararat: Where Noah's ark rested
  • Mt. Moriah: Where Abraham offered Isaac; Temple Mount
  • Mt. of Olives: Where Yahusha will return
  • Mt. Carmel: Where Elijah defeated Baal's prophets

Lesson 5: Rivers and Lakes

Revelation 22:1 - "And he shewed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of Elohim and of the Lamb."
Major World Rivers
RiverLengthContinent
Nile4,132 milesAfrica
Amazon3,976 milesSouth America
Yangtze3,917 milesAsia
Mississippi-Missouri3,902 milesNorth America
Euphrates1,740 milesMiddle East

Rivers of Eden (Genesis 2:10-14)

  • Pishon: Surrounded land of Havilah (gold)
  • Gihon: Surrounded land of Cush
  • Hiddekel (Tigris): East of Assyria
  • Euphrates: Still exists today

Lesson 6: Climate and Weather

Genesis 8:22 - "While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease."
Climate Zones
ZoneLocationCharacteristics
TropicalNear equatorHot year-round; heavy rainfall
Dry/AridDesert regionsLittle rainfall; extreme temperatures
TemperateMid-latitudesFour seasons; moderate rainfall
ContinentalInterior continentsHot summers; cold winters
PolarNear polesCold year-round; ice and snow

Yahuah's Promise

After the Flood, Yahuah promised seasons would continue "while the earth remaineth" (Genesis 8:22). This is a covenant of stability in creation!

Lesson 7: Bible Lands - The Middle East

Genesis 12:1 - "Now Yahuah had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will shew thee."
Key Biblical Locations
PlaceModern LocationBiblical Significance
Israel/CanaanIsraelPromised Land; Temple
Ur of ChaldeesIraqAbraham's birthplace
EgyptEgyptExodus; refuge
BabylonIraqExile; Tower of Babel
AssyriaIraq/SyriaNorthern Kingdom exile
PersiaIranCyrus; return from exile

The Land of Israel

Israel sits at the crossroads of three continents (Africa, Asia, Europe). This strategic location made it central to ancient trade routes and the spread of the gospel.

Lesson 8: The Nations from Noah

Genesis 10:32 - "These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations: and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood."
Table of Nations (Genesis 10)
Son of NoahDescendantsSettled
ShemSemitic peoples: Hebrews, Arabs, AssyriansMiddle East
HamCanaanites, Egyptians, Africans, PhilistinesAfrica, Canaan
JaphethIndo-Europeans: Greeks, Persians, EuropeansEurope, Asia

One Human Family

All humanity descends from Noah's three sons. "Race" is a modern invention - the Bible speaks of nations and languages, not races. We are all one blood (Acts 17:26).

Lesson 9: Natural Resources

Deuteronomy 8:7-9 - "For Yahuah thy Elohim bringeth thee into a good land... a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills thou mayest dig brass."
Types of Natural Resources
CategoryExamplesBiblical Reference
MineralsGold, silver, iron, copperGenesis 2:11-12; Deut 8:9
WaterRivers, springs, wellsGenesis 21:19; Exodus 17:6
SoilFertile land for cropsGenesis 1:11; Isaiah 28:24
TimberCedars, oaks, olive trees1 Kings 5:6; Psalm 104:16
LivestockCattle, sheep, fishGenesis 1:24-26

Lesson 10: Stewardship of the Earth

Genesis 2:15 - "And Yahuah Elohim took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it."
Our Responsibility

Yahuah gave humanity the responsibility to steward (care for) the earth:

  • "Dress it" (abad) = Work, cultivate, serve
  • "Keep it" (shamar) = Guard, protect, preserve

We are not owners but caretakers of Yahuah's creation.

Biblical Principles of Stewardship

  • The earth belongs to Yahuah (Psalm 24:1)
  • We are accountable for how we treat creation
  • Don't exploit or destroy unnecessarily
  • Leave resources for future generations
  • Work and rest the land (Sabbath for land - Lev 25)
Practice Questions

Answer Key

Lesson 1

1. "Earth writing" or description of the earth 2. Physical, Human, Biblical 3. Dry land = Earth; Waters = Seas

Lesson 2

1. Asia 2. South America 3. "The earth was divided"

Lesson 10

1. Caring for and managing the earth as Yahuah's representatives 2. Abad (work/serve) and Shamar (keep/guard) 3. Personal answers