Homesteading Basics

Biblical Self-Sufficiency & Practical Skills
Youth Tier 2 | Ages 11-17

Course Overview

Yahuah's design for His people includes working the land, growing food, and being good stewards of creation. This course teaches practical skills for self-sufficiency—skills our ancestors knew but modern society has largely forgotten. These abilities honor Yahuah and prepare us for uncertain times ahead.

Genesis 2:15 - "And Yahuah Elohim took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it."

From the beginning, Yahuah gave humanity the responsibility to tend and keep the earth.

Lesson 1: The Biblical Basis for Homesteading

📖 RECEIVE: Yahuah's Design

Self-sufficiency isn't about pride or isolation—it's about following Yahuah's design and being prepared to care for our families and help others.

Biblical Principles of Self-Sufficiency:

  • Work is good: Yahuah worked for six days; we are made in His image (Genesis 2:2-3)
  • Provide for family: "If any provide not for his own... he hath denied the faith" (1 Timothy 5:8)
  • Be prepared: The wise store up provisions (Proverbs 21:20)
  • Land stewardship: Care for creation (Genesis 2:15)
  • Independence from world systems: "Come out of her, my people" (Revelation 18:4)
Proverbs 31:16 - "She considereth a field, and buyeth it: with the fruit of her hands she planteth a vineyard."

The virtuous woman was a homesteader!

The Ant Principle

Proverbs 6:6-8: "Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise: Which having no guide, overseer, or ruler, Provideth her meat in the summer, and gathereth her food in the harvest."

Ants prepare during times of plenty for times of need. This is wisdom, not fear.

✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 2: Planning Your Garden

📖 RECEIVE: Garden Planning Basics

A successful garden starts with good planning. Consider these factors:

Site Selection:

  • Sunlight: Most vegetables need 6-8 hours of direct sun
  • Water access: Near a water source for easy irrigation
  • Drainage: Avoid low spots where water pools
  • Proximity: Close enough to tend daily

Garden Layout Options

TypeProsCons
Row GardenTraditional, easy to maintainUses more space
Raised BedsBetter drainage, easier on backInitial cost to build
Square FootIntensive, high yieldNeeds rich soil
ContainerPortable, good for small spacesLimited root space

Start Small!

A 4x8 foot raised bed can produce a surprising amount of food. It's better to master a small garden than be overwhelmed by a large one. You can always expand next year!

✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 3: Soil & Composting

📖 RECEIVE: Healthy Soil = Healthy Plants

Soil is alive! Good soil contains billions of microorganisms that help plants absorb nutrients. Healthy soil is the foundation of successful gardening.

Components of Good Soil:

  • Minerals: Sand, silt, and clay particles
  • Organic matter: Decomposed plant/animal material
  • Air: Spaces for roots to breathe
  • Water: Moisture for plants and microbes
  • Living organisms: Bacteria, fungi, worms, insects

Making Compost

Compost is "black gold" for gardens—decomposed organic matter that feeds the soil.

Brown materials (Carbon): Dry leaves, straw, cardboard, wood chips

Green materials (Nitrogen): Kitchen scraps, grass clippings, manure

Ratio: About 3 parts brown to 1 part green

Keep it moist (like a wrung-out sponge) and turn it regularly.

Genesis 3:19 - "In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken."

We came from the ground and will return to it. Soil is sacred—it's the source of our food!

Project: Start a Compost Pile

  • Choose a spot (shaded area, good drainage)
  • Gather brown materials (leaves, straw)
  • Add green materials (kitchen scraps)
  • Keep moist and turn weekly
  • In 2-6 months, you'll have compost!
✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 4: Growing Vegetables

📖 RECEIVE: Vegetable Gardening Basics

Different vegetables have different needs. Understanding plant families and growing requirements helps you plan a successful garden.

Easy to GrowModerateMore Challenging
Lettuce, spinachTomatoesCauliflower
RadishesPeppersArtichokes
Green beansCucumbersCelery
ZucchiniCarrotsMelons
HerbsOnionsAsparagus

Beginner's First Garden

Start with these easy, productive crops:

  • Tomatoes: High yield, versatile use
  • Zucchini: Very productive, hard to fail
  • Green beans: Easy and nutritious
  • Lettuce: Quick harvest (30-45 days)
  • Herbs: Basil, parsley, chives

Planting Calendar

  • Cool season (spring/fall): Lettuce, peas, broccoli, cabbage, carrots
  • Warm season (summer): Tomatoes, peppers, beans, squash, corn
  • Know your "last frost date" in spring and "first frost date" in fall
✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 5: Fruit Trees & Perennials

📖 RECEIVE: Planting for the Future

Perennials are plants that come back year after year. Fruit trees, berry bushes, and perennial vegetables provide food for decades with less work than annual gardens.

The Best Time to Plant a Tree

"The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The second best time is now."

Fruit trees take 3-7 years to produce, but then provide for generations. Plant now for your future!

TypeExamplesYears to Harvest
Fruit TreesApple, pear, peach, cherry3-7 years
BerriesBlueberries, raspberries, blackberries1-3 years
NutsWalnut, hazelnut, chestnut5-10 years
Perennial VegetablesAsparagus, rhubarb, artichokes2-3 years
Leviticus 19:23-25 - "When ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food... in the fifth year shall ye eat of the fruit thereof."

Yahuah's law recognized that fruit trees need time to establish before heavy harvesting.

✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 6: Raising Chickens

📖 RECEIVE: Backyard Poultry Basics

Chickens are often the first livestock for homesteaders. They provide eggs, meat, pest control, and fertilizer—all while being relatively easy to care for.

What Chickens Need

  • Coop: 4 sq ft per bird inside, predator-proof
  • Run: 10 sq ft per bird outside (or free range)
  • Nesting boxes: 1 box per 3-4 hens
  • Roost: 8-10 inches per bird
  • Food: Layer feed, grit, calcium (oyster shell)
  • Water: Fresh, clean water always available
BreedEggs/YearTemperament
Rhode Island Red250-300Hardy, good layers
Plymouth Rock200-250Friendly, dual-purpose
Leghorn280-320Best layers, flighty
Orpington200-280Gentle, cold-hardy

Chicken Safety

  • Always wash hands after handling chickens
  • Collect eggs daily
  • Keep coop clean and dry
  • Protect from predators (foxes, raccoons, hawks)
  • Check local ordinances for regulations
✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 7: Food Preservation

📖 RECEIVE: Storing the Harvest

Gardens produce abundantly in season. Preservation allows you to eat your harvest year-round. Our ancestors preserved food without refrigeration for thousands of years.

MethodHow It WorksBest For
CanningHeat kills bacteria, vacuum seal prevents recontaminationVegetables, fruits, meats, jams
FreezingCold prevents bacterial growthMost foods (requires electricity)
DehydratingRemoves moisture bacteria needFruits, vegetables, herbs, jerky
FermentingGood bacteria preserve foodSauerkraut, pickles, kimchi
Root CellarCool, humid storagePotatoes, carrots, apples, squash

Canning Safety

Water bath canning is safe for high-acid foods (fruits, tomatoes, pickles).

Pressure canning is required for low-acid foods (vegetables, meats) to prevent botulism.

Always follow tested recipes from reliable sources!

Easy First Projects

  • Dehydrated herbs: Just hang to dry or use a food dehydrator
  • Freezer jam: No cooking required
  • Fermented pickles: Salt, water, cucumbers—done!
  • Dried apple chips: Slice thin and dehydrate
✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 8: Water & Energy

📖 RECEIVE: Essential Resources

Water and energy are essential for life. Understanding how to collect, store, and conserve these resources is vital for self-sufficiency.

Water Collection & Storage

  • Rainwater harvesting: Collect from roof into barrels/tanks
  • Wells: Access groundwater (requires drilling)
  • Springs: Natural groundwater emergence
  • Storage: Food-grade containers, away from light
  • Purification: Boiling, filtering, UV treatment

Alternative Energy

  • Solar: Panels convert sunlight to electricity
  • Wind: Turbines generate power from wind
  • Wood heat: Renewable if managed properly
  • Passive solar: Design buildings to use sun's heat
Proverbs 21:20 - "There is treasure to be desired and oil in the dwelling of the wise; but a foolish man spendeth it up."

The wise store up resources; fools consume everything immediately.

✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 9: Basic Building & Repairs

📖 RECEIVE: Practical Skills

Being able to build and repair things saves money and builds self-reliance. Every homesteader should have basic skills with tools.

Essential Tools

CategoryTools
MeasuringTape measure, level, square
CuttingHand saw, utility knife, pruning shears
FasteningHammer, screwdrivers, drill
DiggingShovel, spade, post hole digger
GardenHoe, rake, trowel, wheelbarrow

Beginner Projects

  • Build a raised garden bed
  • Construct a simple compost bin
  • Build a chicken coop or nesting box
  • Make a rain barrel collection system
  • Build a simple tool shed or lean-to

Tool Safety

  • Always wear safety glasses when cutting or drilling
  • Use gloves when appropriate
  • Keep tools sharp and in good condition
  • Learn proper techniques before using power tools
  • Work with adult supervision until experienced
✏️ RECALL: Practice Questions

Lesson 10: Preparedness & Stewardship

📖 RECEIVE: Being Ready

Preparedness isn't about fear—it's about wisdom and responsibility. Yahuah calls us to be ready and to help others in times of need.

Basic Preparedness Supplies

  • Water: 1 gallon per person per day (2-week minimum)
  • Food: Non-perishable foods for 2+ weeks
  • First aid: Basic medical supplies
  • Light: Flashlights, candles, oil lamps
  • Heat: Blankets, sleeping bags, alternative heating
  • Tools: Basic hand tools
  • Communication: Battery or hand-crank radio
Genesis 41:35-36 - (Joseph's advice) "Let them gather all the food of those good years that come, and lay up corn under the hand of Pharaoh... And that food shall be for store to the land against the seven years of famine."

Joseph's wisdom saved nations. Storing during good times prepares for hard times.

Stewardship Mindset

We prepare not just for ourselves, but to be able to help others:

  • Store extra to share with neighbors
  • Learn skills to teach others
  • Build community relationships now
  • Trust Yahuah, but also take practical action
🎯 RESPOND: Personal Application

Answer Key

Lesson 1

1. To dress/tend and keep the garden | 2. He has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever | 3. Prepare during times of plenty for times of need

Lesson 2

1. 6-8 hours | 2. Any two: sunlight, water access, drainage, proximity | 3. Better to master a small space than be overwhelmed by too much

Lesson 3

1. Minerals, organic matter, air, water, living organisms | 2. 3:1 (three parts brown to one part green) | 3. Examples: kitchen scraps, grass clippings, manure

Lesson 4

1. Examples: lettuce, radishes, zucchini, green beans, herbs | 2. Warm season (summer) | 3. To know when it's safe to plant tender crops and when to harvest before frost

Lesson 5

1. A plant that comes back year after year | 2. 3-7 years | 3. Examples: asparagus, rhubarb, artichokes

Lesson 6

1. 4 square feet | 2. Meat, pest control, fertilizer | 3. Leghorn

Lesson 7

1. Canning, freezing, dehydrating, fermenting, root cellar (any four) | 2. Pressure canning | 3. Removes moisture that bacteria need to grow

Lesson 8

1. Rainwater harvesting, wells, springs | 2. Solar, wind, wood, passive solar (any two) | 3. To be prepared for times of scarcity; it's wise not foolish

Lesson 9

1. Tape measure, level, square | 2. Saves money, builds self-reliance, enables you to provide for your family | 3. Personal answer