SUN, MOON & STARS

Youth Workbook - Biblical Cosmology Series

The Lights in the Firmament: What Does Scripture Really Say?

"And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven" — Genesis 1:15

How to Use This Workbook

This workbook uses the 6 Rs Learning Method:

  1. RECEIVE - Read the teaching and Scripture carefully
  2. REFLECT - Answer the questions honestly
  3. RECALL - Close the book and write what you remember
  4. RECITE - Teach it to someone else
  5. REVIEW - Come back at Day 1, 3, 7, 21
  6. RESPOND - Do something with what you learned

"The heavens declare the glory of Elohim." — Psalm 19:1

Lesson 1: Day 4 — When the Lights Were Made

Here's something most people miss: The sun, moon, and stars were created on Day 4. But light already existed on Day 1!

Read Genesis 1:14-19

"And Elohim said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years."
Key Point: The sun is NOT the original source of light. Yahuah created light on Day 1, then made the sun, moon, and stars on Day 4 to carry and manage that light.
Hebrew Insight: The lights are placed "IN" (Hebrew: ב, "b") the firmament—not beyond it, not outside it, but IN it.

Fill in the blanks:

1. The lights are placed __________ the firmament.

2. They serve as signs, __________, days, and __________.

3. The greater light rules the __________.

4. The lesser light rules the __________.

5. Light was created on Day ______, but the sun on Day ______.

RECALL

Close this workbook. Write down: What day were the lights created? Where are they placed? What came first—light or the sun?

TEACH IT

Explain to a friend or family member why the sun is NOT the original source of light.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Genesis 1:16

"And Elohim made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 2: Why Do the Lights Exist?

The sun, moon, and stars weren't made just to look pretty. They have specific purposes given by Yahuah.

The Four Purposes (Genesis 1:14)

  1. Signs - Prophetic markers and warnings
  2. Seasons - Yahuah's appointed times (feast days!)
  3. Days - To mark each day
  4. Years - To track years
Did You Know? The word "seasons" in Hebrew is "mowed" (Strong's #4150). It doesn't mean spring, summer, fall, winter! It means Yahuah's APPOINTED TIMES—like Passover, Sukkot, and the Sabbath!
Psalm 104:19 - "He appointed the moon for seasons: the sun knoweth his going down."
Key Point: The moon determines Yahuah's feast days, not the Gregorian calendar we use today!

Fill in the blanks:

1. The Hebrew word for "seasons" is __________.

2. "Mowed" actually means __________ times.

3. The __________ was appointed to mark the seasons.

4. The four purposes of the lights are: signs, __________, days, and __________.

RECALL

Without looking, list all four purposes of the lights. What does "seasons" really mean?

TEACH IT

Explain to someone that "seasons" in the Bible means Yahuah's feast days, not weather seasons.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Psalm 104:19

"He appointed the moon for seasons: the sun knoweth his going down."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 3: The Sun Moves, Not the Earth

Modern science says the earth orbits the sun. But what does Scripture say?

Psalm 19:4-6 - "In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun... His going forth is from the end of the heaven, and his circuit unto the ends of it."

The sun has a "circuit"—a path it travels. The Hebrew word is "tequphah" which means a set course or path.

Joshua 10:12-13 - "Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Ajalon. And the sun stood still."
Think About This: Joshua commanded the SUN to stop, not the earth. If the earth was what was moving, wouldn't he have commanded the earth to stop?

Fill in the blanks:

1. The sun has a __________ (circuit/path).

2. Joshua commanded the __________ to stand still.

3. Yahuah set a __________ (dwelling place) for the sun.

4. If the earth moved, Joshua would have commanded the __________ to stop.

RECALL

What does Psalm 19 say about how the sun moves? What did Joshua command?

TEACH IT

Explain to someone why Joshua 10 suggests the sun moves, not the earth.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Psalm 19:6

"His going forth is from the end of the heaven, and his circuit unto the ends of it."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 4: The Moon — Its Own Light

Modern science says the moon just reflects sunlight. But the Bible calls it a LIGHT.

Genesis 1:16 - "And Elohim made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night."
Hebrew Word: "Light" = ma'owr (Strong's #3974) = a luminary, a SOURCE of light, a lamp. The same word is used for both the sun AND the moon!
Isaiah 30:26 - "Moreover the light of the moon shall be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun shall be sevenfold."
Interesting Observation: Some people have tested moonlight vs. moon-shadow temperatures. Moonlight is often COOLER than the shadow! If the moon just reflected sunlight, it should be warmer.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Elohim made two great __________.

2. The Hebrew word "ma'owr" means a __________ of light.

3. Isaiah 30:26 says the moon has its own __________.

4. The moon's light is __________ (cold/warm).

RECALL

What is the Hebrew word for "light"? What does it mean? Why is this important?

TEACH IT

Explain to someone why the Bible says the moon is a light, not a reflector.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Psalm 136:9

"The moon and stars to rule by night: for his mercy endureth for ever."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 5: Stars — Small Lights in the Firmament

Modern science says stars are massive suns billions of miles away. But Scripture describes them differently.

Genesis 1:16-17 - "He made the stars also. And Elohim set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth."

Notice: stars are almost an afterthought—"he made the stars also." If they were billions of suns larger than our sun, wouldn't they get more attention?

Revelation 6:13 - "And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs."
Think About This: How can stars "fall to the earth like figs" if they're massive suns? Even ONE star the size of our sun would destroy the entire planet! But if stars are small lights in the firmament, they CAN fall.

Fill in the blanks:

1. The stars are set __________ the firmament.

2. In Revelation, stars __________ to the earth.

3. They fall like __________ from a fig tree.

4. If stars were massive suns, they __________ (could/couldn't) fall to earth.

RECALL

What does Revelation 6:13 say about stars? Why is this a problem for modern astronomy?

TEACH IT

Explain to someone why the "falling stars" prophecy proves stars aren't distant suns.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Revelation 6:13

"And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 6: Don't Worship the Host of Heaven!

Yahuah created the sun, moon, and stars. But He warns us NEVER to worship them!

Deuteronomy 4:19 - "And lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even all the host of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship them."
Warning: Astrology, horoscopes, and "star signs" are modern forms of worshiping the host of heaven. This is strictly forbidden!
Deuteronomy 17:2-5 - "...hath gone and served other gods, and worshipped them, either the sun, or moon, or any of the host of heaven... thou shalt stone them with stones, till they die."

In ancient Israel, worshiping the sun, moon, or stars was punishable by death! This shows how seriously Yahuah takes this sin.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Do NOT __________ the sun, moon, and stars.

2. They are called the __________ of heaven.

3. Astrology and horoscopes are forms of __________ worship.

4. In Israel, this sin was punishable by __________.

RECALL

Why does Yahuah forbid worshiping the sun, moon, and stars? What modern practices violate this?

TEACH IT

Warn someone about why horoscopes and astrology are dangerous.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Deuteronomy 4:19

"Lest thou... be driven to worship them, and serve them, which Yahuah thy Elohim hath divided unto all nations."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 7: The Lights Declare Yahuah's Glory

While we must never WORSHIP the lights, we SHOULD observe them and praise their Creator!

Psalm 19:1 - "The heavens declare the glory of Elohim; and the firmament showeth his handywork."
Psalm 147:4 - "He telleth the number of the stars; he calleth them all by their names."

Think about that! Yahuah knows every single star and has named each one. How incredible is our Creator!

Job 38:31-32 - "Canst thou bind the sweet influences of Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion? Canst thou bring forth Mazzaroth in his season?"
What is Mazzaroth? It's the Hebrew term for the constellations. The original Gospel story is written in the stars—but Satan corrupted it into astrology!

Fill in the blanks:

1. The heavens __________ the glory of Elohim.

2. Yahuah knows the __________ of all the stars.

3. He calls them each by __________.

4. "Mazzaroth" is the Hebrew word for __________.

RECALL

How do the heavens declare Yahuah's glory? What constellations are mentioned in Job?

TEACH IT

Share Psalm 19:1 with someone and explain what it means.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Psalm 19:1

"The heavens declare the glory of Elohim; and the firmament showeth his handywork."

DO SOMETHING

Lesson 8: End Times Signs in the Heavens

Scripture tells us that the sun, moon, and stars will be signs of Yahusha's return!

Joel 2:31 - "The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of Yahuah come."
Matthew 24:29 - "Immediately after the tribulation... the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven."
Revelation 6:12-14 - "The sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood; And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth... and the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together."
The Firmament Will Roll Up! Notice that "the heaven departed as a scroll"—the firmament will literally roll up like a scroll. This only makes sense if it's a solid structure!

Fill in the blanks:

1. The sun shall be turned into __________.

2. The moon shall become as __________.

3. The stars shall __________ from heaven.

4. The heaven departed as a __________.

RECALL

What happens to the sun, moon, stars, and firmament in the end times? List all the signs.

TEACH IT

Warn someone about the end-times signs in the heavens.

Who did you teach?

Memory Verse: Joel 2:31

"The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of Yahuah come."

DO SOMETHING

Spaced Review Tracker

Check off each review to lock in your learning:

LessonDoneD1D3D7D21
1. Day 4 Creation
2. Purpose of Lights
3. Sun Moves
4. Moon's Light
5. Stars
6. Warnings
7. Glory Declared
8. End Times Signs

Answer Key

Lesson 1: in, seasons/years, day, night, 1/4

Lesson 2: mowed, appointed, moon, seasons/years

Lesson 3: circuit, sun, tabernacle, earth

Lesson 4: lights, source, light, cold

Lesson 5: in, fall, figs, couldn't

Lesson 6: worship, host, host/forbidden, death

Lesson 7: declare, number/name, name, constellations

Lesson 8: darkness, blood, fall, scroll